Conservation

conservation is an attempt by humans to preserve or protect nature. Conservation is the preservation or protection. Literally, conservation comes from English (UK) Conservation which means preservation or protection. [1]
Meanwhile, according to environmental science, conservation is [2]:

    The efficiency of energy use, production, transmission, or distribution resulting in a reduction of energy consumption on the other hand provide the same level.
    The protection and careful management of the environment and natural resources
    (Physical) Management of the limited quantity of stable throughout kiamia reactions or physical transformations.
    Efforts asylum and long-term protection of the environment
    A belief that the natural habitat of a region can be managed, while the genetic diversity of the species can take place by maintaining the natural environment.

In Indonesia, by legislation, Conservation [of natural resources] is the management of natural resources are utilized judiciously done to ensure continuity of supply by maintaining and improving the quality and value diversity. Nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries are Natural Reserve Area (KSA), while the national park, forest park, and the park is a nature Nature Conservation Area (KPA).
The nature reserve because of the unique circumstances tunbuhan nature, animals, or ecosystems that need to be protected and development occur naturally. Wildlife sanctuary has a characteristic form or the diversity and uniqueness of the type satwanya.
The national park has native ecosystems are utilized for the purpose of research, science, education, support aquaculture, tourism and recreation. Forest park for the purpose of collection of plants and animals are used for research, science, education, support cultivation, culture, tourism and recreation. Nature parks utilized for tourism and outdoor recreation.Conflict
In forest ecosystems, conservation conflicts often arise between the endemic and employers HPH (forest concession). Due to shrinking habitat and difficulty finding food sources, ultimately these animals out of their habitats and attack humans. Conservation conflicts arise because:

    Shrinking land and shortage of natural resources (Natural Resources)
    Increased population growth and increased demand on natural resources (for example, Americans need 11 hectares of land per person, if naturally)
    SDA extracted excessive (over exploitation) shift the natural balance.
    The entry / introduction of invasive outsiders, both flora and fauna, which disturb or destroy the natural balance that exists.
Then, the conflict is getting worse if:

    SDA dealing with political boundaries (eg, catchment areas converted For HTI concessions (political economy)
    Government with spatial policy (long-term program) that is not in favor of the principle of conservation of natural resources and the environment.
    Encroachment by the political background to get the votes of a particular group as well as illegal financial resources.

Protected areas have characteristics as follows:

    Characteristics, originality or uniqueness of ecosystems (tropical rain forest / 'tropical rain forest' which includes mountains, plains, peat bogs, beaches)
    Critical habitat / living space for one or more species (flora and fauna), specifically: endemic (only found in one place on the face of the earth), rare, or endangered species (such as tigers, orangutans, rhinos, elephants, several species of birds such as eagles eagle / hawk Java, as well as some plant species such as ramin). These types are usually protected by legislation.
    The place has a natural genetic diversity.
    Landscape (landscape) or geophysical characteristics aesthetically pleasing / scientik.
    Orologi hydro-protection function: soil, water, and global climate.
    Exploitation of natural nature (lakes, beaches, interesting wildlife presence).
Wisdom
In Indonesia, conservation policy provisions stipulated in Law 5/90 on the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. This law has beberpa derivative Government Regulation (PP), including:

    PP 68/1998 related to management of the Nature Reserve Area (KSA) and the Nature Conservation Area (KPA)
    PP 7/1999 related to the preservation / protection of plants and animals
    PP 8/1999 related to the use of plants and wildlife / TSL
    PP 36/2010 related to the exploitation of nature in wildlife tourism (SM), national parks (TN), forest park (Tahura) and nature parks (TWA).